Country

Canada

Canada: 44 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

Landscape and climate

Forty-four ecoregions cross Canada, and the pattern is dominated by cold: a broad belt of boreal forests and taiga (Eastern Canadian Shield taiga, Midwest Canadian Shield forests, Mid-Canada Boreal Plains forests) grades northward into the Canadian Low Arctic tundra, Canadian Middle Arctic Tundra, and Canadian High Arctic tundra. South of the boreal line the country diversifies - Northern Shortgrass prairie and other temperate grasslands on the Prairies, New England-Acadian and other temperate broadleaf and mixed forests in the southeast, and conifer forest along the Pacific. For gardeners this means short seasons and deep winter cold nearly everywhere, with the mildest, longest-season pockets confined to the southern margins. Hardiness and bloom timing, not summer heat, are the limiting questions for most Canadian plantings; spruce, birch, and other boreal-adapted natives set the baseline palette.

By state or province

Narrow this down to a single state or province.

Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Nunavut Ontario Prince Edward Island Québec Saskatchewan Yukon

Ecoregions here

Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests Arctic foothills tundra British Columbia coastal conifer forests Brooks-British Range tundra Canadian Aspen forests and parklands Canadian High Arctic tundra Canadian Low Arctic tundra Canadian Middle Arctic Tundra Central British Columbia Mountain forests Central Canadian Shield forests Central Pacific Northwest coastal forests Davis Highlands tundra Eastern Canadian Forest-Boreal transition Eastern Canadian forests Eastern Canadian Shield taiga Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests Fraser Plateau and Basin conifer forests Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra Mid-Canada Boreal Plains forests Midwest Canadian Shield forests Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands Muskwa-Slave Lake taiga North Cascades conifer forests Northeastern Hardwoods Northern Canadian Shield taiga Northern Cordillera forests Northern Rockies conifer forests Northern Shortgrass prairie Northern Tallgrass prairie Northwest Territories taiga Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra Okanogan dry forests Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra Palouse prairie Puget lowland forests Queen Charlotte Islands conifer forests Southern Great Lakes forests Southern Hudson Bay taiga Torngat Mountain tundra Watson Highlands taiga Western Great Lakes forests