Abejas mineras
Andrena spp.
Abeja
Entrada a nivel de género para las abejas mineras solitarias que anidan en el suelo - uno de los géneros de abejas más grandes de América del Norte, con varios cientos de especies en el continente. Se encuentran entre las primeras abejas en emerger en primavera, volando con frecuencia cuando las temperaturas aún son bajas, lo que las convierte en polinizadoras clave de sauces, arces y árboles frutales de floración temprana (manzano, cerezo, ciruelo, peral) antes de que la mayoría de las demás abejas estén activas. Las hembras excavan túneles de nido subterráneos en suelos bien drenados, con frecuencia en densas agregaciones, y aprovisionan cada celda con polen y néctar. Muchas Andrena son generalistas, pero el género incluye especialistas en polen como la abeja minera de la claytonia (Andrena erigeniae), que recolecta polen exclusivamente de Claytonia virginica.
Conservación
El género en su conjunto es grande y no se considera en peligro, pero la mayoría de las especies individuales de Andrena carecen de evaluaciones formales de conservación, y las especialistas en polen de distribución restringida pueden ser localmente vulnerables cuando sus plantas hospederas disminuyen. No existe un estado de la Lista Roja de la IUCN ni de la Xerces Society aplicable al género completo; no se debe interpretar 'abejas mineras' como una sola unidad de conservación.
Plan para esta especie
Conjunto de plantas aptas para Chicago, IL: primero plantas hospedantes y especialistas, luego plantas de néctar, fruto, semilla, follaje y refugio que también encajan con la lectura climática actual y de mediados de siglo.
0 relaciones esenciales / 6 plantas de apoyo
Enlaces hospedador/especialista: 0
Enlaces forraje/polinización: 6
Enlaces de refugio: 0
Roles de relación: 3
Viburno de hoja de arce
De apoyo / Plantas que esta especie poliniza
Wikipedia names Andrenidae among the pollinators of this species. Andrena are spring-active ground-nesting bees whose flight period lines up with a late-spring viburnum bloom, and an open shallow cyme is precisely the flower they work. Documented at family level rather than species level, which is why the relationship is wired to the mining-bee group entry rather than to a named bee.
Geranio de raíz grande
De apoyo / Plantas de néctar
Early-emerging solitary mining bees (Andrena) on the wing in late spring overlap the bloom and take nectar from the open flowers; this is opportunistic generalist foraging rather than a specialist tie.
Primavera (prímula común)
De apoyo / Plantas de néctar
Early solitary mining bees work the flowers for nectar, an important resource at the very start of the season.
Vara de oro de tallo azul
De apoyo / Plantas de polen
Supports specialized (oligolectic) bees; goldenrods (Solidago) host a large guild of specialist bees at the genus level (NC State Extension; Wikipedia).
Áster de Nueva York
De apoyo / Plantas de polen
Supports seven specialized (oligolectic) Andrena mining-bee species that collect aster pollen (NC State Extension).
Áster de brezo blanco
De apoyo / Plantas de polen
Supports seven specialized (oligolectic) Andrena mining-bee species, plus the specialist cellophane bee Colletes simulans, that collect aster pollen (NC State Extension).
Plantas en el catálogo
Plantas que esta especie poliniza · 1
Wikipedia names Andrenidae among the pollinators of this species. Andrena are spring-active ground-nesting bees whose flight period lines up with a late-spring viburnum bloom, and an open shallow cyme is precisely the flower they work. Documented at family level rather than species level, which is why the relationship is wired to the mining-bee group entry rather than to a named bee.
Plantas de néctar · 3
Solitary mining bees and other small bees forage nectar on the flowers, drawn by the abundant, long-lasting bloom on a warm, sheltered site.
Early-emerging solitary mining bees (Andrena) on the wing in late spring overlap the bloom and take nectar from the open flowers; this is opportunistic generalist foraging rather than a specialist tie.
Early solitary mining bees work the flowers for nectar, an important resource at the very start of the season.
Plantas de polen · 42
Supports specialized (oligolectic) bees; goldenrods (Solidago) host a large guild of specialist bees at the genus level (NC State Extension; Wikipedia).
Supports seven specialized (oligolectic) Andrena mining-bee species that collect aster pollen (NC State Extension).
Supports seven specialized (oligolectic) Andrena mining-bee species, plus the specialist cellophane bee Colletes simulans, that collect aster pollen (NC State Extension).
Spring-emerging solitary mining bees are plausible visitors to the early flower spikes.
Solitary mining bees plausibly forage pollen from the shallow, exposed early-summer flowers.
NC State Extension notes the spring flowers attract bees and names native Andrena mining bees among the specialist visitors; Plotwright carries them at genus-group level, so the row is documented for pollen forage without claiming every mining bee specializes on violets.
Solitary mining bees collect pollen from the wide-open, pollen-rich flowers; like other bees they come for pollen rather than nectar, which this poppy barely provides.
Early-emerging solitary mining bees (Andrena) are well suited to visit the very early bloom for pollen.
Spring-flying mining bees (Andrena) are among the many early bees that gather dandelion pollen and nectar during its late-winter-to-spring bloom.
Early-emerging solitary mining bees (Andrena) visit open spring composites like the lawn daisy for pollen; the low, accessible flowers fit their spring foraging window.
Spring-flying solitary mining bees plausibly forage the accessible open flowers; inferred from flower form and bloom timing rather than a single named record.
Spring-flying solitary mining bees (Andrena) forage the accessible, open flowers; plausible from the flower form and bloom timing rather than a single named record.
Early-emerging ground-nesting mining bees forage the bare-twig blooms for pollen during their short spring flight.
Solitary mining bees work the densely packed florets of the blue globes for pollen and nectar alongside honey bees during the summer bloom.
Spring-emerging mining bees (Andrena) forage on the early flowers for pollen and nectar where ranges overlap; grape hyacinth is widely planted partly for this early-season bee value.
Andrena species are spring-active ground-nesting bees whose flight period coincides closely with a late-May dogwood bloom, and they are recognised visitors to shrub dogwoods generally. Recorded as plausible on the same basis as the sweat bees: the flower shape and the timing fit, but no source consulted for this record names Andrena on Cornus racemosa. Small carpenter bees (Ceratina) belong in the same sentence and have no entry in this wildlife catalog, so they are named here rather than wired as a relationship.
Early-emerging solitary mining bees (Andrena) work the accessible spring flowers for pollen; recorded as plausible rather than documented.
Distribución
Nativas y ampliamente distribuidas en América del Norte, con la mayor diversidad en regiones templadas; cientos de especies se encuentran desde Canadá hasta los Estados Unidos y México.
Fuentes y citas
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Usa esta cita para el registro de fauna de Plotwright. Usa las tarjetas de fuentes de abajo para explorar las referencias que informaron su taxonomía, distribución, conservación, plantas hospederas, forraje y hábitat.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Abejas mineras (Andrena spp.). Retrieved 2026, August 20, from https://plotwright.com/wildlife/mining-bees
Fuentes utilizadas para este registro
Este registro se elaboró a partir de las fuentes de abajo.
Wikipedia: Andrena
Genus reference for Andrena diversity, ground-nesting lifecycle, solitary/aggregated nesting, temperate distribution, host-plant specialists, and the genus-level status caveat.
GBIF: Andrena
GBIF backbone entry for the genus Andrena, corroborating genus-level taxonomy and its wide temperate occurrence range.
iNaturalist: Andrena
iNaturalist genus taxon page for Andrena, corroborating genus identity and observed North American range.
Xerces Society: Mining bees (Andrena) profile
Xerces Society Red List profile of a single Andrena mining bee documenting genus-typical ground-nesting biology and a species-level conservation assessment.