Myrtil
Maniola jurtina
Papillon
Le myrtil (Maniola jurtina) est l'un des papillons de prairie les plus abondants d'Europe ; il se répartit de l'Europe au sud de 62° N à travers l'Afrique du Nord, l'Asie Mineure, l'Irak et vers l'est jusqu'à l'Iran. Les mâles sont d'un brun sombre avec un petit ocelle apical à l'aile antérieure ; les femelles sont plus colorées, avec une large plage orange fauve entourant un ocelle plus grand. Les adultes butinent les centaurées (Centaurea), les chardons (Cirsium), les scabieuses (Scabiosa, Succisa) et les ronces (Rubus), tandis que les chenilles se nourrissent la nuit de diverses graminées à feuilles fines, dont les fétuques (Festuca), les pâturins (Poa) et le dactyle (Dactylis glomerata). Les jardins et cimetières à herbe haute non fauchée et à zones ouvertes de fleurs sauvages soutiennent les deux stades de sa vie.
Plan pour cette espèce
Ensemble de plantes adaptées à Chicago, IL : d'abord les plantes hôtes et spécialistes, puis les plantes à nectar, fruits, graines, feuillage et abri qui restent compatibles avec la lecture climatique actuelle et du milieu du siècle.
2 relations essentielles / 2 plantes de soutien
Liens hôte/spécialiste : 2
Liens fourrage/pollinisation : 2
Liens abri : 0
Rôles de relation : 2
Fétuque ovine
Essentielle / Plantes hôtes des larves
Named alongside the gatekeeper on Wikipedia's account of this species, and one of the most abundant grassland butterflies in Europe. Meadow brown larvae feed nocturnally on fine-leaved grasses and sheep fescue is squarely in that class. This is the relationship that makes the case for an unmown sheep fescue area rather than a mown one: the butterfly needs the grass to be rough and standing, not clipped.
Fétuque rouge
Essentielle / Plantes hôtes des larves
Maniola jurtina is among the most abundant grassland butterflies in Europe and its larvae feed nocturnally on fine-leaved grasses including fescues, meadow-grasses and cocksfoot. Plausible on the same genus-level footing as the marbled white. Red fescue is native across essentially the whole European range of this butterfly, so the geographic overlap is complete; what is missing is a species-level feeding record in the sources cited here.
Bleuet
De soutien / Plantes à nectar
Wikipedia lists Centaurea (knapweeds) among the meadow brown's documented adult nectar genera; cornflower is a same-genus catalog species.
Knautie des champs
De soutien / Plantes à nectar
Field scabious shares the meadow brown's grassland habitat; a plausible nectar visit (the article names the related Scabiosa and Succisa, not Knautia).
Plantes du catalogue
Plantes hôtes des larves · 2
Maniola jurtina is among the most abundant grassland butterflies in Europe and its larvae feed nocturnally on fine-leaved grasses including fescues, meadow-grasses and cocksfoot. Plausible on the same genus-level footing as the marbled white. Red fescue is native across essentially the whole European range of this butterfly, so the geographic overlap is complete; what is missing is a species-level feeding record in the sources cited here.
Named alongside the gatekeeper on Wikipedia's account of this species, and one of the most abundant grassland butterflies in Europe. Meadow brown larvae feed nocturnally on fine-leaved grasses and sheep fescue is squarely in that class. This is the relationship that makes the case for an unmown sheep fescue area rather than a mown one: the butterfly needs the grass to be rough and standing, not clipped.
Plantes à nectar · 2
Wikipedia lists Centaurea (knapweeds) among the meadow brown's documented adult nectar genera; cornflower is a same-genus catalog species.
Field scabious shares the meadow brown's grassland habitat; a plausible nectar visit (the article names the related Scabiosa and Succisa, not Knautia).
Répartition
Paléarctique : Europe au sud d'environ 62° N, Russie vers l'est jusqu'à l'Oural, Asie Mineure, Irak, Iran, Afrique du Nord et îles Canaries. Commun et répandu dans toute l'Europe tempérée.
Sources et citations
Citer cette page
Utilisez cette citation pour la fiche faune Plotwright. Utilisez les fiches de sources ci-dessous pour explorer les références ayant alimenté sa taxonomie, sa répartition, sa conservation, ses plantes hôtes, son alimentation et son habitat.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Myrtil (Maniola jurtina). Retrieved 2026, August 20, from https://plotwright.com/wildlife/meadow-brown
Sources utilisées pour cette fiche
Cette fiche est élaborée à partir des sources ci-dessous.
Meadow brown - Wikipedia
Identification, the Palaearctic range, the grass larval hosts, and adult nectaring on knapweeds, thistles, and scabious.
Meadow brown - UK Butterflies
UK Butterflies species account for the meadow brown, covering its widespread grassland distribution, long single-brood summer flight, grass larval foodplants, and adult nectaring.
Maniola jurtina - GBIF
GBIF backbone taxonomy record for Maniola jurtina, confirming the accepted species and its Palearctic occurrence range.
Maniola jurtina - iNaturalist
iNaturalist taxon page for Maniola jurtina, corroborating the accepted name and observation-based distribution.