Fire Effects Information System (FEIS)
Primary source
USDA Forest Service
The USDA Forest Service’s peer-reviewed species reviews for North American plants, including invasive non-natives. Each review synthesizes the published literature on distribution, habitat, botanical and ecological traits, regeneration, and invasiveness, with full references.
What you'll find here
North American distribution and habitat
Invasive status and spread in North America
Regeneration, growth form, and lifespan
Literature-referenced ecology
Specific data we draw from it: distribution and plant communities, invasiveness and impacts, regeneration and reproduction, site and climate tolerances.
Good to know
Literature synthesis with dates. Each review is a dated synthesis of the literature it cites; carry the review’s author and year with the claim, and prefer a newer primary source where the review predates it.
Invasive species reviews. FEIS reviews many invasive non-native plants in their North American range; use them for where and how a plant escapes, not for its behaviour in its native range.
How to cite this source
Cite the specific species review page under https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/ and keep its author and publication year.
License
U.S. federal government work, public domain; attribution to the review author is still expected.
Caution
Reviews are written for wildland and fire managers in North America; garden performance and cultivation advice still need a horticultural source.
Cited by wildlife
No wildlife record cites this source yet.