Borboleta-monarca
Danaus plexippus
Borboleta
Icônica borboleta migratória cujas larvas se alimentam exclusivamente de algodoeiros-de-seda (Asclepias spp.). O declínio populacional de 90% na população migratória oriental desde a década de 1990 é uma das crises de conservação de insetos mais citadas da América do Norte; a perda de habitat de Asclepias é o principal fator.
Conservação
Listada como Em Perigo pela IUCN (2022). Lista Vermelha da Xerces Society: ameaçada. A espécie de vida selvagem de maior peso para o design de jardins com plantas nativas na América do Norte.
Plano para esta espécie
Conjunto de plantas adequado para Chicago, IL: primeiro plantas hospedeiras e especialistas, depois plantas de néctar, frutos, sementes, folhagem e abrigo que ainda se encaixam na leitura climática atual e de meados do século.
4 relações essenciais / 2 plantas de apoio
Relações hospedeiro/especialista: 4
Relações forrageio/polinização: 2
Relações de abrigo: 0
Papéis de relação: 2
Erva-das-borboletas
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Larvae feed exclusively on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.); butterfly weed is one of the most-recommended host plants for monarch garden plantings because of its showy orange flowers and drought tolerance.
Algodão-de-seda-comum
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Larvae feed exclusively on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.); A. syriaca is one of the principal monarch host plants across eastern North America. The single most wedge-load-bearing wildlife relationship in the catalog.
Asclépia-do-pântano
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Asclepias incarnata is among the canonical monarch larval host plants - same status as A. syriaca but in a wet-meadow rather than disturbed-roadside ecological context. Caterpillars sequester the cardiac glycosides from the milkweed sap as predator-deterrent defense. Planting swamp milkweed is the wet-site equivalent of the common-milkweed conservation action.
Asclépia-verticilada
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Larvae feed only on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.). Whorled milkweed is a genuine monarch host across the prairies and dry open ground of central and eastern North America, and its late bloom also feeds migrating adults; the caterpillars sequester the plant's cardiac glycosides as a predator deterrent.
Áster-aromático
De apoio / Plantas de néctar
Sedum-de-outono
De apoio / Plantas de néctar
Both the Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder ("attractive to butterflies throughout the growing season") and NC State Extension document butterfly nectar value; the late September-October bloom overlaps the southbound monarch migration.
Plantas no catálogo
Plantas hospedeiras de larvas · 4
Larvae feed exclusively on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.); butterfly weed is one of the most-recommended host plants for monarch garden plantings because of its showy orange flowers and drought tolerance.
Larvae feed exclusively on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.); A. syriaca is one of the principal monarch host plants across eastern North America. The single most wedge-load-bearing wildlife relationship in the catalog.
Asclepias incarnata is among the canonical monarch larval host plants - same status as A. syriaca but in a wet-meadow rather than disturbed-roadside ecological context. Caterpillars sequester the cardiac glycosides from the milkweed sap as predator-deterrent defense. Planting swamp milkweed is the wet-site equivalent of the common-milkweed conservation action.
Larvae feed only on milkweeds (Asclepias spp.). Whorled milkweed is a genuine monarch host across the prairies and dry open ground of central and eastern North America, and its late bloom also feeds migrating adults; the caterpillars sequester the plant's cardiac glycosides as a predator deterrent.
Plantas de néctar · 17
Both the Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder ("attractive to butterflies throughout the growing season") and NC State Extension document butterfly nectar value; the late September-October bloom overlaps the southbound monarch migration.
Late-summer nectar for migrating butterflies; the Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder lists boneset as attracting butterflies, though it names no specific species, so the monarch association is inferred from the documented butterfly-nectar value rather than a species-level citation.
Monarchs nectar readily at the spikes, but the plant supports only adults - its leaves feed no monarch caterpillars, which need milkweed (Asclepias). Pair butterfly bush with milkweed if you want to raise the next generation, not just feed the current one.
Zinnias are a well-documented nectar source for butterflies; Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder lists Zinnia elegans as attracting butterflies, and the flat, open, late-season flower heads are a favored monarch nectar plant.
Liatris spicata is among the most-cited monarch nectar plants in the eastern flora - the dense purple spike's late-summer bloom timing aligns precisely with the eastern monarch migration south to Mexico. Planting Liatris is the canonical complement to milkweed (host) for full-life-cycle monarch support.
The shallow, accessible florets of flossflower are a common late-season nectar source visited by migrating monarchs and other butterflies; this is a general nectar visit, not a host (larval) relationship - monarch caterpillars feed only on milkweeds.
Late-season nectar fuel for migrating monarchs heading toward Mexican overwintering grounds.
Late-summer Vernonia nectar is a well-documented fuel source for monarchs staging their southward fall migration.
The Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder records Shasta daisy as attractive to butterflies; the flat, open flower heads are an accessible nectar platform for butterflies during the midsummer-to-fall bloom.
Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder records the flowers as attractive to butterflies; mountain mint is a frequently observed late-summer nectar plant for migrating and breeding butterflies.
Late-season bloom timing makes swamp sunflower a critical fall-migration monarch nectar source.
Joe-Pye weed is a canonical late-summer nectar source for monarchs preparing for fall migration. NC State lists "butterflies, skippers, moths, and bees" among the flower visitors; the monarch relationship is heavily documented in pollinator ecology literature.
Distribuição
A população da América do Norte oriental passa o inverno nas florestas de oyamel do centro do México e se reproduz por todo o leste dos EUA e o sul do Canadá; a população ocidental passa o inverno ao longo da costa da Califórnia.
Fontes e citações
Citar esta página
Use esta citação para o registro de fauna do Plotwright. Use os cartões de fontes abaixo para explorar as referências que informaram sua taxonomia, distribuição, conservação, plantas hospedeiras, forrageamento e habitat.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Borboleta-monarca (Danaus plexippus). Retrieved 2026, August 20, from https://plotwright.com/wildlife/monarch-butterfly
Fontes usadas neste registro
Este registro foi compilado a partir das fontes abaixo.
Xerces Society: Monarch Butterfly Conservation
Source for monarch decline context, milkweed larval habitat, nectar flowers, and broad migratory-range guidance.
Monarch Joint Venture: Monarch life cycle
Lifecycle and milkweed-host reference for eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults.
GBIF: Danaus plexippus
GBIF backbone key 5133088 is an EXACT accepted match for Danaus plexippus in family Nymphalidae.
iNaturalist: Danaus plexippus
iNaturalist active taxon 48662 is Danaus plexippus, the monarch.