East European forest steppe
East European forest steppe
The East European forest steppe is a transitional mosaic of broadleaf woodland and grassland that stretches roughly 2,100 km across the Palearctic, with most of its extent in Russia and Ukraine and outlying patches reaching into Moldova, the Carpathian foothills of Romania, and northeastern Bulgaria. It links the temperate broadleaf forests of the north with the steppe grasslands to the south, so its woodlands are built from common oak, oriental hornbeam, Scots pine, Norway maple, and European ash, with aspen and silver birch also common, while the open ground carries grasses such as feather grass and prairie junegrass alongside meadow clary, dropwort, and buttercup. The climate is temperate continental, with warm summers and cold winters marking the boundary between humid and arid environments. The region's flagship is the eastern imperial eagle, which holds its European stronghold here, but the ecoregion has been heavily transformed: forests that once covered up to a third of the territory have been reduced to roughly a tenth, and much of the land is now cropland. For gardeners, several of its native plants are familiar ornamentals or hardy landscape genera, including feather grass (Stipa) and meadow clary (Salvia pratensis).
RESOLVE 661
Palearctic
280,936 sq mi
Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests
Landscape type
Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests
Plant region
Palearctic
Region footprint
280,936 sq mi
Habitat pressure
Nature Imperiled (Dinerstein NNH 4)
Source & care
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Use this as the broad planting pattern for the region: Four-season forests of deciduous hardwoods - oak, maple, beech - often mixed with conifers, shaped by warm summers and cold winters. Trees leaf out in spring and color in autumn; the generally fertile soils have made these forests heavily settled and farmed. For garden decisions, pair that context with the plant list below, then narrow by your site's light, water, soil, and mature-size constraints.
Plants that can handle this region
A climate-fit shortlist from Plotwright's catalog. Start with the reliable fits, then use each plant page to check light, water, soil, mature size, and local availability.
Showing 387 of 387 climate-fit plants for this region.
Planting collections
Finished planting recipes where every member can handle this region's climate range. The fit badge uses the collection's most sensitive plant, so a resilient collection is a safer starting point than any single standout.
Starter kits for this region
Generated from catalog plants that already pass this region's climate fit gate, with native matches sorted first when the catalog has enough coverage.
Sunny pollinator border
A sunny, wildlife-forward planting assembled from plants that pass this region fit gate.
Native fit: 0/6
Climate resilient: 6/6
Wildlife links: 23
Host/specialist links: 6
Forage/pollination links: 24
Shelter links: 4
Shade-edge planting
A softer edge kit for woodland margins, porches, and mixed-light garden edges.
Native fit: 0/6
Climate resilient: 6/6
Wildlife links: 23
Host/specialist links: 6
Forage/pollination links: 24
Shelter links: 4
Resilient shrub layer
A woody structure layer led by plants that fit both current and projected regional conditions.
Native fit: 0/6
Climate resilient: 6/6
Wildlife links: 21
Host/specialist links: 7
Forage/pollination links: 21
Shelter links: 4
Similar planting regions
Browse other regions in the same biome. Their plant lists can suggest species and combinations worth comparing.
Where this ecoregion reaches
Educator packet
Region packet
East European forest steppe educator packet
The East European forest steppe is a transitional mosaic of broadleaf woodland and grassland that stretches roughly 2,100 km across the Palearctic, with most of its extent in Russia and Ukraine and outlying patches reaching into Moldova, the Carpathian foothills of Romania, and northeastern Bulgaria. It links the temperate broadleaf forests of the north with the steppe grasslands to the south, so its woodlands are built from common oak, oriental hornbeam, Scots pine, Norway maple, and European ash, with aspen and silver birch also common, while the open ground carries grasses such as feather grass and prairie junegrass alongside meadow clary, dropwort, and buttercup. The climate is temperate continental, with warm summers and cold winters marking the boundary between humid and arid environments. The region's flagship is the eastern imperial eagle, which holds its European stronghold here, but the ecoregion has been heavily transformed: forests that once covered up to a third of the territory have been reduced to roughly a tenth, and much of the land is now cropland. For gardeners, several of its native plants are familiar ornamentals or hardy landscape genera, including feather grass (Stipa) and meadow clary (Salvia pratensis).
Realm
Palearctic
Dominant biome
Temperate Broadleaf & Mixed Forests
Approximate area
280,936 square miles
States / provinces
Not recorded
Climate descriptor
Not recorded
Classroom prompts
- Which climate and biome facts explain why this region supports its characteristic plants?
- How do native-plant and wildlife-support claims differ from a species-presence claim?
- Which source-backed facts would you cite before using this region in a classroom map activity?
Use the Sources & citations section below for page citation styles and region source links.
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or regional planting notes that use this Plotwright page. To cite the underlying ecoregion framework or a specific editorial profile, use the source cards below.
Plotwright. (n.d.). East European forest steppe (East European forest steppe). Retrieved 2026, October 9, from https://plotwright.com/regions/resolve-661
Sources for this region
This page cites Plotwright first for the compiled view, then lists the upstream framework, climate, and editorial source pages so readers can cite the original material directly.
RESOLVE 2017 Terrestrial Ecoregions (Dinerstein et al.)
Primary ecoregion framework































