Stalked bulbine (snake flower)
Bulbine frutescens
Bulbine frutescens is a fast-growing, clump-forming evergreen perennial from southern Africa, grown for its grey-green, fleshy, almost grassy succulent leaves and near-continuous spikes of star-shaped yellow or orange flowers tipped with distinctive fluffy stamens. It spreads readily by rooting low stems to form a dense, drought-tough groundcover (roughly 4 to 20 inches tall but 3.3 to 4.9 feet wide), making it a strong choice for sunny borders, dry banks, gravel gardens and containers. The clear leaf gel is a well-known folk remedy applied topically to burns, blisters, insect bites and minor skin irritations, and the plant is regarded as non-toxic to people and pets. The load-bearing caution is frost-tenderness: RHS rates it H3 (hardy only to about 23 to 34°F), so outside roughly USDA zones 9b-11 it must be grown in containers and overwintered frost-free or treated as a tender bedding plant. It is not known to be invasive, though its vigorous self-rooting spread means it can colonise open ground quickly in mild, frost-free climates. Give it full sun and sharp drainage and it is otherwise low-maintenance, pest-free and disease-free.
Climate fit: narrow (28/100)
Border
Filler
Pollinator
Container
Light
Full sun / Part sun
Water
Low water
Mature size
8-20" tall · 18" apart
Hardy in zones
9b-11
frosty to nearly frost-free winters
AHS heat range
5-11
Plant range authored in AHS heat-zone terms.
Native in Illinois
No
The bright yellow-to-orange flowers with fluffy stamens are insect-pollinated, attracting bees and other pollinators in cultivation; in its southern-African habitat it is visited by a range of bees and nectar-seeking insects, with birds drawn to such open, nectar-rich Asphodelaceae more broadly.
Cold hardiness
These values are location-based: this location's current hardiness is the baseline, and the 2050 value is a projected future climate for this same location.
Now
Zone 6b
Plotwright
USDA Zone 6b
-5°F to 0°F
Won't grow here
Zone 7a
Plotwright
0°F to 5°F
Won't grow here
In plain terms: This location has cold winters. Its winters are projected to keep warming through 2050.
✕
Out of range today and still out of range in 2050.
Heat tolerance
Heat tolerance values are location-based too: heat days today are observed at this site, and the 2050 value projects this same location under a future climate.
Loading AHS heat-zone data for this location...
Where this plant fits
Suitable across 2 ecoregions - 2 climate-resilient through 2070. Best matches first.
Plant this, not that
Better fit for this place
For Chicago, IL, these are replacement suggestions: similar plants with a stronger hardiness fit now and/or in 2050.
Better fit now and in 2050
Now: well-suited
2050: well-suited
Better fit now and in 2050
Now: well-suited
2050: well-suited
Better fit now and in 2050
Now: well-suited
2050: well-suited
Better fit now and in 2050
Now: well-suited
2050: well-suited
Similar plants
Browse lateral options with similar roles, light needs, size, or native-range overlap; these are not filtered for a better climate fit.
Educator packet
Plant packet
Stalked bulbine (snake flower) educator packet
Bulbine frutescens is a fast-growing, clump-forming evergreen perennial from southern Africa, grown for its grey-green, fleshy, almost grassy succulent leaves and near-continuous spikes of star-shaped yellow or orange flowers tipped with distinctive fluffy stamens. It spreads readily by rooting low stems to form a dense, drought-tough groundcover (roughly 4 to 20 inches tall but 3.3 to 4.9 feet wide), making it a strong choice for sunny borders, dry banks, gravel gardens and containers. The clear leaf gel is a well-known folk remedy applied topically to burns, blisters, insect bites and minor skin irritations, and the plant is regarded as non-toxic to people and pets. The load-bearing caution is frost-tenderness: RHS rates it H3 (hardy only to about 23 to 34°F), so outside roughly USDA zones 9b-11 it must be grown in containers and overwintered frost-free or treated as a tender bedding plant. It is not known to be invasive, though its vigorous self-rooting spread means it can colonise open ground quickly in mild, frost-free climates. Give it full sun and sharp drainage and it is otherwise low-maintenance, pest-free and disease-free.
Scientific name
Bulbine frutescens
Plant type
perennial
Hardiness
9b-11
Light
full-sun, part-sun
Moisture
low
Spacing
18 inches
Classroom prompts
- Which plant traits are observations, and which are care recommendations?
- How would this plant fit change if the garden location moved warmer, colder, wetter, or drier?
- Which source-backed facts would you cite in a lesson handout?
Use the Sources & citations section below for page citation styles and the field-level source list.
Sources & citations
Cite this page
For lesson plans, articles, or research that uses this page. Use the source cards below to explore the references that informed this record.
Plotwright. (2026, May 17). Stalked bulbine (snake flower) (Bulbine frutescens). Retrieved 2026, August 20, from https://plotwright.com/plants/bulbine-frutescens
Sources used for this record
This record is compiled from the sources below.






