Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests

Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests

Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests
This Mediterranean ecoregion fringes the northwestern Mediterranean coast, stretching from Valencia and Catalonia in northeastern Spain across the Balearic Islands to Languedoc and Provence in southern France, with a small Italian portion. Its forests are dominated by evergreen oaks, chiefly holm oak and cork oak, alongside deciduous oaks and pines such as stone pine and maritime pine, while high shrublands known as maquis or matorral are widespread and feature wild olive and carob, and lower garrigue carries aromatic shrubs. The climate is classically Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and mild rainy winters, annual average temperatures of roughly 10 to 17 degrees Celsius and rainfall often concentrated in autumn. The region holds several centers of plant diversity with high endemism, and its coastal wetlands, including the Ebro and Rhone deltas, are vital waterbird habitats; the Audouin's gull is the ecoregion's flagship species, with a large share of its global population nesting at the Ebro Delta. For gardeners, this is the native home of horticulturally familiar Mediterranean plants such as holm oak, cork oak, stone pine, wild olive, and carob, plus aromatic garrigue shrubs and local endemics like Thymus richardii.
RESOLVE 799
Palearctic
35,028 sq mi
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Type de paysage
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Région végétale
Palearctic
Empreinte de la région
35,028 sq mi
Pression sur l'habitat
Nature Could Recover (Dinerstein NNH 3)
Prévoyez des étés chauds et secs, des hivers doux et humides, et des plantes conçues pour les variations saisonnières. Ce climat favorise les arbustes adaptés à la sécheresse, les bulbes, les herbes et les plantes de bois clairs ; les conseils sur les espèces indigènes locales comptent car le feu, la perte d'habitat et l'endémisme font partie de l'histoire de la plantation.

Range & origins

Emplacement de Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests sur la carte du monde
Repère placé à l’intérieur du polygone RESOLVE 2017 à 43.9°N, 5.6°E.
La région à travers le temps
Empreinte moderne
RESOLVE 2017 cartographie 35,028 sq mi
Cette limite est une empreinte écologique moderne pour Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests, et non une ligne permanente sur la planète. Elle est utile pour le contexte actuel des plantes et de la faune car elle suit des schémas récurrents de végétation, de climat, de relief et de perturbations.
Pourquoi ici
Conditions de mediterranean forests, woodlands & scrub
La région se situe dans le règne Palearctic et est classée comme mediterranean forests, woodlands & scrub. L'altitude, l'humidité, le feu, les sols, les côtes et l'utilisation humaine des terres peuvent tous rendre le paysage réel plus varié qu'une seule couleur de carte ne le laisse penser.
Pression du changement
Nature Could Recover
Plotwright affiche ceci comme l'empreinte RESOLVE actuelle. Au fil des décennies ou des siècles, le réchauffement, les perturbations, les espèces envahissantes, l'utilisation des terres et la restauration peuvent déplacer la bordure vivante d'une région même lorsque la carte de référence reste fixe.

Collections de plantation

Des recettes de plantation finalisées où chaque membre peut supporter la plage climatique de cette région. Le badge d'adaptation se base sur la plante la plus sensible de la collection, si bien qu'une collection résiliente est un point de départ plus sûr que n'importe quelle vedette isolée.
Résiliente au climat · 2 plantes
Bright shade foundation
A part-shade planting with shrub structure and low foliage contrast.
Annabelle hydrangea
Coral bells
+4
Résiliente au climat · 8 plantes
Climate-resilient natives for warming zones (eastern NA)
A pollinator-supporting palette of eastern North American natives with broad hardiness ranges and wide native distributions. Built for gardeners who want a planting that can handle warming zones without giving up wildlife value.
Switchgrass
Little bluestem
Common milkweed
Black-eyed Susan
Wild bergamot
Sweet Joe-Pye weed
Cutleaf coneflower
New England aster
Résiliente au climat · 3 plantes
Kitchen patio planters
A compact edible collection for containers, patios, and near-door harvesting.
Genovese basil
Lacinato kale
Coral bells
+2
Résiliente au climat · 6 plantes
Mediterranean drought-tolerant edible
A low-water edible palette of culinary herbs + a hardy grape for hot dry sunny sites. Mediterranean-origin plants thrive on neglect; their primary failure mode is overwatering, not underwatering.
English lavender
Rosemary
Garden sage
Oregano
Common thyme
Fox grape
+5
Résiliente au climat · 9 plantes
Native pollinator border (eastern US)
A continuous-bloom native pollinator strip for eastern North America. Covers spring through frost with host + nectar plants spanning monarchs, native bees, hummingbirds, and specialist Lepidoptera. Little bluestem provides the matrix grass + Hesperiidae host.
Butterfly weed
Common milkweed
Purple coneflower
Wild bergamot
Scarlet bee balm
Little bluestem
Sweet Joe-Pye weed
Swamp sunflower
Smooth blue aster
Résiliente au climat · 4 plantes
Sunny pollinator border
A durable sunny border with summer bloom, seedheads, and upright winter texture.
English lavender
Purple coneflower
Black-eyed Susan
Switchgrass

Régions de plantation similaires

Parcourez d'autres régions au rythme similaire d'étés chauds et secs. Leurs listes de plantes peuvent suggérer des espèces et des combinaisons à comparer.
RESOLVE 785 - Palearctic
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests
The Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests ring the Aegean Sea, spanning most of mainland Greece and the Aegean islands, the western coast of Turkey, and reaching into southeastern North Macedonia and southwestern Bulgaria. Its vegetation is classic Mediterranean: dense maquis shrubland of holm oak, strawberry tree, and bay laurel, extensive pine forests of Calabrian (Turkish) pine, Aleppo pine, and stone pine, with sweet chestnut and oriental beech on cooler northern slopes. The climate is Mediterranean, with mild winters and dry summers. The ecoregion's flagship is the oriental sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis), endemic to a limited area of southwestern Turkey and the Greek island of Rhodes, and much of the original habitat has been heavily degraded by human activity dating back to ancient times. For gardeners drawn to drought-tolerant Mediterranean planting, native genera such as Arbutus (strawberry tree), Laurus (bay laurel), and the pines offer ornamental, climate-suited choices.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 9a-12b
+3.5°F d’ici 2070
51,531 sq mi
Niveau NNH 4
RESOLVE 786 - Palearctic
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests
The Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests cover the mountains and plateaus of southwestern Anatolia in Turkey, a transitional zone where Mediterranean conditions grade into increasingly continental climate moving from west to east. Its forests are a mosaic of pines and deciduous broadleaf trees: Turkish pine (Pinus brutia) holds the western foothills and inland depressions, while the emblematic Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana) dominates the drier east and higher elevations, mixing with oaks (Quercus cerris, Q. pubescens, Q. robur, Q. frainetto), sweet chestnut, Oriental beech, and juniper. The climate is broadly Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and rainy winters and annual precipitation ranging roughly 400 to 600 mm. The region shelters brown bears, grey wolves, Saker falcons, and the critically endangered long-legged wood frog, and its wetlands are vital for migratory waterfowl such as Dalmatian pelicans and white-headed ducks; it is classified as critical or endangered, with only a small fraction of its area protected. For gardeners, several plants native here are familiar ornamentals, including the cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) and sweet chestnut.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 9a-12a
+3.3°F d’ici 2070
33,325 sq mi
Niveau NNH 4
RESOLVE 787 - Palearctic
Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests
The Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests ecoregion covers the five western islands of Spain's Canary Archipelago—La Palma, El Hierro, La Gomera, Tenerife, and Gran Canaria—volcanic islands in the Atlantic roughly 115 km off the northwest African coast. Vegetation sorts itself by elevation: lowland scrub and open woodland with the Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) and dragon trees give way to humid laurisilva (laurel) forest between about 500 and 1,400 m, fayal-brezal heath of Myrica faya and tree heath (Erica arborea), and forests of the endemic Canary Island pine. The climate is dry and warm, with rain falling mainly in winter and the moist northeasterly trade winds making windward slopes far wetter than the southwestern rain shadow. Despite their small area, the islands are exceptionally rich in endemic and relict species, including endemic birds such as Bolle's pigeon and the Tenerife blue chaffinch, and a large share of the archipelago's vascular flora is found nowhere else. Conservation is significant here, with about 52% of the ecoregion protected within parks such as Teide and Garajonay National Parks.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11b-13a
+2.1°F d’ici 2070
1,920 sq mi
Niveau NNH 1
RESOLVE 788 - Palearctic
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests
The Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests cover the high, steep mountain massifs of the island of Corsica in France, climbing to summits such as Monte Cinto (2,710 m) and Monte Rotondo (2,625 m). Vegetation shifts sharply with elevation: evergreen sclerophyll oak forests of holm oak and cork oak occupy the lower slopes, maritime pine mixes with downy oak, European hop-hornbeam, Italian alder, and sweet chestnut at middle elevations, while silver fir and European beech hold cool north-facing slopes and Corsican pine (Pinus laricio) dominates the sunnier southern aspects. The climate follows a strong altitudinal gradient, from warm, dry lower elevations to cold, humid heights. The flagship Corsican red deer has been reintroduced here, and the ecoregion harbors a notably rich endemic flora alongside endemics such as the Corsican nuthatch and Corsican fire salamander. For gardeners, native ornamental woody genera here include juniper, sycamore maple, and silver birch found in its subalpine shrublands.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 9b-12a
+3.0°F d’ici 2070
1,401 sq mi
Niveau NNH 1
RESOLVE 789 - Palearctic
Crete Mediterranean forests
The Crete Mediterranean forests ecoregion covers the entire Greek island of Crete, the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Basin, ranging from low coastal plains up over three mountain spines: the Lefka Ori, Psiloritis (Mount Ida), and the Dikti Mountains. Vegetation shifts sharply with elevation, from sclerophyllous evergreen and semi-deciduous oak forests and maquis of carob and Phoenician juniper in the lowlands, through Calabrian pine and kermes oak woodlands, up to cypress stands where the endemic Cretan maple grows. The climate is strongly altitude-dependent: warm, dry lowlands average about 17 to 19 degrees Celsius with under 300 mm of annual rainfall, while cold, humid highlands average roughly 9 to 13 degrees Celsius with up to 1,400 mm. Crete's long island isolation gives it a distinctive flora of around 1,600 species, about 10% of which are endemic, including the near-endemic Cretan date palm (Phoenix theophrasti) of coastal ravines, alongside flagship fauna such as the Cretan wild goat. For gardeners, characteristic native genera include Cistus, Thymus, Phlomis, and Genista, well suited to dry Mediterranean planting.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 10a-12b
+3.4°F d’ici 2070
3,163 sq mi
Niveau NNH 3
RESOLVE 790 - Palearctic
Cyprus Mediterranean forests
The Cyprus Mediterranean forests ecoregion covers the entire island of Cyprus, the third-largest island in the Mediterranean, spanning both the Republic of Cyprus and Northern Cyprus and divided between the Kyrenia range along the north coast and the larger Troodos range in the southwest, which rises to Mount Olympos at 1,952 meters. Lower elevations carry maquis and garigue scrub with European olive, carob, and Phoenician juniper alongside oaks, while Calabrian pine clothes both mountain ranges and higher Troodos slopes hold Anatolian black pine, foetid juniper, and two endemic trees, the Cyprus cedar (Cedrus brevifolia) and golden oak (Quercus alnifolia). The climate is Mediterranean, warm and dry across the central Mesaoria plain but humid and cooler in the surrounding mountains. The island supports a rich endemic flora concentrated in the mountains, and its flagship animal is the Cyprus mouflon, a wild sheep with distinctive sickle-shaped horns. Gardeners may recognize several ornamental geophytes native here, including Cyclamen cyprium, the Cyprus tulip (Tulipa cypria), and Crocus cyprius.
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands & Scrub
Zones 11a-12b
+3.3°F d’ici 2070
3,580 sq mi
Niveau NNH 4

Sources et citations

Citer cette page
Pour les plans de cours, articles ou notes de plantation régionales qui utilisent cette page Plotwright. Pour citer le cadre d'écorégions sous-jacent ou un profil éditorial spécifique, utilisez les fiches de sources ci-dessous.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests (Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests). Retrieved 2026, June 24, from https://plotwright.com/regions/resolve-799
Sources pour cette région
Cette page cite d'abord Plotwright pour la vue compilée, puis répertorie les pages sources du cadre, du climat et de l'éditorial en amont afin que les lecteurs puissent citer directement le matériel d'origine.
RESOLVE 2017 Terrestrial Ecoregions (Dinerstein et al.)
Cadre principal des écorégions
Étaye 4 champs
Identifiant RESOLVE
Biome + règne
Superficie
Palier NNH
One Earth
One Earth
Étaye 1 champ
Résumé éditorial
Wikipedia
Wikimedia Foundation
Étaye 1 champ
Vérification croisée du résumé