Country

Sudan: 10 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

Sudan is a north-to-south transect of Africa's great climate gradient. The South Sahara and East Sahara deserts dominate the north, with the Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat and East Saharan montane xeric woodlands rising as isolated ranges and the Red Sea coastal desert along the shore. Southward, the immense Sahelian Acacia savanna takes over, grading into the wetter East Sudanian savanna, with Djibouti xeric shrublands and a corner of the Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands in the east and the Sudd flooded grasslands along the Nile. For plants that means hyper-arid conditions in the north, a short summer rainy season across the Sahel belt, and increasingly reliable seasonal rain toward the south, so drought-adapted acacia-savanna species set the planting baseline for most inhabited areas.