Country

Spain: 10 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

Ten ecoregions reach Spain, and eight of them belong to the Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub biome, from the Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests that dominate the interior to the Southeast Iberian shrubs and woodlands in the driest corner and the Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests offshore. The green exception is the north: the Cantabrian mixed forests and Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests bring temperate broadleaf conditions to the Atlantic coast and mountains. That makes Spain two gardening countries. Most of it rewards the classic Mediterranean approach: summer-dormant, drought-adapted evergreens, sclerophyllous shrubs, and restraint with summer water. Along the Cantabrian strip and in the Pyrenees, rainfall-loving temperate plants that fail in Madrid or Seville grow willingly.