Country

Libya: 8 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

Desert defines Libya, but not uniformly. Six of its eight ecoregions are Saharan: the East, South, and West Sahara deserts, the North Saharan Xeric Steppe and Woodland, the Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands in the far south, and Saharan halophytics around salt pans. The Mediterranean coast is the exception, where Mediterranean woodlands and forests and Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe form a narrow habitable fringe of winter rainfall. Vegetation follows that split exactly: sclerophyllous shrubs, olives, and steppe grasses near the sea, thinning fast to sparse desert flora inland. Planting choices reduce to two strategies, Mediterranean dryland gardening along the coast and oasis-style irrigated culture everywhere else, with wind and salt tolerance worth prioritizing near the shore.