Country
Indonesia
Indonesia: 38 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.
Landscape and climate
Indonesia spans 38 ecoregions across two biogeographic realms, Indomalayan in the west (Sumatra, Java, Borneo) and Australasian from Sulawesi eastward through the Moluccas to New Guinea, nearly all of them tropical moist broadleaf forest. Lowland and montane rain forests, peat swamp and freshwater swamp forests, heath forests, and Sunda Shelf and New Guinea mangroves make up the bulk; the drier exceptions are the deciduous forests of the Lesser Sundas, Timor, and Sumba, plus the Trans Fly savanna and the Papuan Central Range sub-alpine grasslands. Practically, that means hot, humid, ever-wet conditions almost everywhere at low elevation, with genuine seasonal drought only in the southeast islands and cooler growing conditions arriving with altitude. Java's rain forests, including the Nature Imperiled Eastern Java-Bali unit, are among the most reduced, so intact native forest matters most there.
Ecoregions here
Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forestsBiak-Numfoor rain forestsBorneo lowland rain forestsBorneo montane rain forestsBorneo peat swamp forestsBuru rain forestsCentral Range Papuan montane rain forestsEastern Java-Bali montane rain forestsEastern Java-Bali rain forestsHalmahera rain forestsLesser Sundas deciduous forestsMentawai Islands rain forestsNew Guinea mangrovesNorthern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forestsNorthern New Guinea montane rain forestsPapuan Central Range sub-alpine grasslandsPeninsular Malaysian rain forestsSeram rain forestsSouthern New Guinea freshwater swamp forestsSouthern New Guinea lowland rain forestsSouthwest Borneo freshwater swamp forestsSulawesi lowland rain forestsSulawesi montane rain forestsSumatran freshwater swamp forestsSumatran lowland rain forestsSumatran montane rain forestsSumatran peat swamp forestsSumatran tropical pine forestsSumba deciduous forestsSunda Shelf mangrovesSundaland heath forestsTimor and Wetar deciduous forestsTrans Fly savanna and grasslandsVogelkop montane rain forestsVogelkop-Aru lowland rain forestsWestern Java montane rain forestsWestern Java rain forestsYapen rain forests