Country

Estonia: one ecoregion. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

A single ecoregion covers Estonia: the Sarmatic mixed forests, the broad Palearctic belt of temperate broadleaf and mixed forest that sweeps around the eastern Baltic. Here conifers and hardwoods interleave, pine and spruce alongside birch, aspen, and oak, on a cool, moist, glacially flattened landscape rich in bogs and coastal wetlands. The climate is northern temperate, softened somewhat by the Baltic: short mild summers, long cold winters, and dependable moisture through the year. For gardeners that means a genuinely cold-hardy palette; the compensations are reliable rainfall, long midsummer days, and soils that suit conifers, ericaceous plants, and the tougher northern broadleaves. The ecoregion rates Nature Could Recover, and Estonia remains one of its most forested corners.