Country

Eritrea: 5 ecoregions. Each with its climate now and toward 2050, and its conservation tier.

Eritrea sits where the Sahel meets the Red Sea, and its five ecoregions read as a descent from highland to hyperarid coast. The Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands, classed as imperiled, occupy the cooler highlands; the vast Sahelian Acacia savanna and East Sudanian savanna bring the tropical grassland biome to the west; and the Djibouti xeric shrublands and the small Eritrean coastal desert take over toward the sea. The overall character is dry-tropical with a sharp elevation split: the highlands hold the country's most temperate, plantable conditions, while the lowlands demand serious drought tolerance. Acacia-type savanna trees, hardy shrubs, and succulent-adapted species fit the lowland zones; the montane belt supports a broader palette.