Borboleta-porteira
Pyronia tithonus
Borboleta
A borboleta-porteira (Pyronia tithonus), também chamada de castanha-de-sebe, é uma borboleta alaranjada e parda de tamanho médio da família Nymphalidae (subfamília Satyrinae), reconhecível pela mancha escura da asa anterior que encerra dois pontos brancos e, nos machos, por uma banda androconial (marca sexual) sobre a asa anterior. Os adultos voam de julho a agosto (ocasionalmente desde fins de junho em condições quentes ou meridionais), preferindo as sebes abrigadas, as bordas de bosque e as margens de campo com matagal por toda a Europa, com populações adicionais em Marrocos e no oeste da Turquia. As lagartas alimentam-se à noite de gramíneas finas, como agrostes (Agrostis spp.), festucas (Festuca spp.) e poas (Poa spp.). Nos jardins, os adultos visitam abundantemente o orégano (Origanum vulgare), a silva, a tasneira e a pulicária, de modo que plantar ervas aromáticas e flores silvestres é uma forma confiável de atrair a espécie.
Plano para esta espécie
Conjunto de plantas adequado para Chicago, IL: primeiro plantas hospedeiras e especialistas, depois plantas de néctar, frutos, sementes, folhagem e abrigo que ainda se encaixam na leitura climática atual e de meados do século.
2 relações essenciais / 2 plantas de apoio
Relações hospedeiro/especialista: 2
Relações forrageio/polinização: 2
Relações de abrigo: 0
Papéis de relação: 2
Festuca-ovina
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Wikipedia names the gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus) first among the caterpillars that feed on this grass, and the gatekeeper record in this catalogue independently gives fescues among its larval foodplants. The practical consequence is a maintenance instruction rather than a planting one: gatekeeper larvae feed nocturnally on the leaves and overwinter small, so a sheep fescue planting that is sheared to the ground in autumn loses them. Leave rough tussocks standing through the winter at the sheltered, hedge-backed edges the adults patrol in July and August.
Festuca vermelha
Essencial / Plantas hospedeiras de larvas
Pyronia tithonus larvae feed on fine grasses including bents (Agrostis), fescues (Festuca) and meadow-grasses (Poa), and the adults favour sheltered hedgerows, woodland edges and scrubby margins, which is the half-shaded ground where red fescue is most often sown. Genus-level host record again, so plausible rather than documented. It is listed partly to make a point about this genus in the catalog: blue fescue (Festuca glauca) carries an empty wildlife list as an exotic ornamental, while red fescue across its native European range is a working larval host. Choosing between them is a wildlife decision as well as an aesthetic one.
Orégano
De apoio / Plantas de néctar
Wild marjoram (Origanum vulgare) is one of the gatekeeper's most consistently documented nectar sources; a garden study recorded satyrines visiting Origanum almost exclusively.
Arbusto-das-borboletas
De apoio / Plantas de néctar
Short-tongued and partial to open flowers like marjoram; a garden study recorded zero gatekeeper visits to Buddleja against hundreds on Origanum, so buddleia is at most an incidental visit.
Plantas no catálogo
Plantas hospedeiras de larvas · 2
Pyronia tithonus larvae feed on fine grasses including bents (Agrostis), fescues (Festuca) and meadow-grasses (Poa), and the adults favour sheltered hedgerows, woodland edges and scrubby margins, which is the half-shaded ground where red fescue is most often sown. Genus-level host record again, so plausible rather than documented. It is listed partly to make a point about this genus in the catalog: blue fescue (Festuca glauca) carries an empty wildlife list as an exotic ornamental, while red fescue across its native European range is a working larval host. Choosing between them is a wildlife decision as well as an aesthetic one.
Wikipedia names the gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus) first among the caterpillars that feed on this grass, and the gatekeeper record in this catalogue independently gives fescues among its larval foodplants. The practical consequence is a maintenance instruction rather than a planting one: gatekeeper larvae feed nocturnally on the leaves and overwinter small, so a sheep fescue planting that is sheared to the ground in autumn loses them. Leave rough tussocks standing through the winter at the sheltered, hedge-backed edges the adults patrol in July and August.
Plantas de néctar · 2
Short-tongued and partial to open flowers like marjoram; a garden study recorded zero gatekeeper visits to Buddleja against hundreds on Origanum, so buddleia is at most an incidental visit.
Wild marjoram (Origanum vulgare) is one of the gatekeeper's most consistently documented nectar sources; a garden study recorded satyrines visiting Origanum almost exclusively.
Distribuição
Presente pelo oeste, centro e sul da Europa; ausente da Escócia (salvo registros meridionais ocasionais), da Escandinávia e das zonas setentrionais do continente. Além da Europa, sua área alcança as montanhas do Rife, em Marrocos (norte da África), e a Turquia e o Cáucaso, no oeste da Ásia. Reconhecem-se duas subespécies de forma generalizada - P. t. britanniae nas ilhas Britânicas e P. t. tithonus na Europa continental -, além de P. t. distincta (Rothschild, 1933), descrita de Ketama, Marrocos, cujo status varia conforme a autoridade.
Fontes e citações
Citar esta página
Use esta citação para o registro de fauna do Plotwright. Use os cartões de fontes abaixo para explorar as referências que informaram sua taxonomia, distribuição, conservação, plantas hospedeiras, forrageamento e habitat.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Borboleta-porteira (Pyronia tithonus). Retrieved 2026, August 20, from https://plotwright.com/wildlife/gatekeeper-butterfly
Fontes usadas neste registro
Este registro foi compilado a partir das fontes abaixo.
Gatekeeper - Wikipedia
Identification (twin-pupil eyespot, male sex-brand), the Euro-North-African-west-Asian range, the grass larval hosts, and adult nectaring on open flowers.
Gatekeeper - UK Butterflies
UK Butterflies species account for the gatekeeper, covering its southern-British and Irish distribution, midsummer single-brood flight, grass larval foodplants, and adult flower visits.
Pyronia tithonus - GBIF
GBIF backbone taxonomy record for Pyronia tithonus, confirming the accepted species and its European occurrence range.
Pyronia tithonus - iNaturalist
iNaturalist taxon page for Pyronia tithonus, corroborating the accepted name and observation-based range.