Vitis

Native eastern North American grape vine, the genetic parent of the Concord cultivar + most American slip-skin table grapes. Vigorous climbing or sprawling vine with three-lobed leaves + clusters of dark purple-black grapes with the distinctive 'foxy' flavor. Highly cold-hardy + disease-resistant compared to European wine grape (Vitis vinifera). Important wildlife fruit resource - songbirds, deer, and mammals consume the fruit + foliage.

The European wine grape - the woody deciduous vine behind nearly all of the world's wine, table grapes, and raisins. It climbs by branched tendrils and, left unpruned, can reach 40 to 60 feet, but vines grown for fruit are pruned hard to a 3-9 foot framework. Ovate, lobed leaves give way to dense clusters of soft pulpy berries that ripen in summer; the plant is high-maintenance, demanding annual pruning, support, and disease management in humid climates.