Large bee-fly
Bombylius major
Fly
Bombylius major, the large bee-fly or dark-edged bee-fly, is a fuzzy, bumblebee-mimicking fly (Diptera: Bombyliidae) in the 6.3–12 mm size range, with a long rigid proboscis and distinctive dark leading-edge wing patches. Adults are active in spring (April–June, occasionally from late March), hovering at low flowers to take nectar and incidentally transferring pollen; Pulmonaria officinalis is cited as being almost exclusively pollinated by this species. Females are parasitoids of solitary-bee nests: they flick eggs near the entrance of ground-nesting Andrena burrows, and larvae develop at the host's expense inside. The species is broadly Holarctic, occurring across temperate Europe, much of Asia, and North America, making it a familiar and ecologically significant spring-garden visitor wherever early-flowering perennials grow.
Plants in the catalog
Plants this species pollinates · 1
Documented as the almost-exclusive pollinator of lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis), whose long-tubed flowers match its rigid proboscis.
Nectar plants · 1
A long-proboscis early-spring forager; comfrey (a Boraginaceae relative of lungwort) is a plausible but not specifically documented nectar source.
Range
Holarctic: temperate Europe (UK and Ireland east through Russia to Japan), North America from Canada south through the continental United States, and parts of Asia. Wikipedia's species article gives the range as 'temperate Europe, North America and some parts of Asia, concentrated in the northern hemisphere'; GBIF occurrence data additionally documents the species in Central and East Asia. North Africa is reported in some secondary literature but is not confirmed in the primary Wikipedia citation and should not be stated as verified without a dedicated range source.
Sources & citations
Cite this page
Use this citation for the Plotwright wildlife page. The source cards below show the upstream references behind the taxonomy, range, conservation, host, forage, and habitat claims.
Plotwright. (n.d.). Large bee-fly (Bombylius major). Retrieved 2026, June 30, from https://plotwright.com/wildlife/large-bee-fly
Sources for wildlife facts
9 cited fact fields are backed by the source cards below.
Bombylius major — Wikipedia
Identification, the Holarctic range, the spring flight, the near-exclusive pollination of Pulmonaria officinalis, and the parasitoid larval habit on Andrena nests.
Backs 5 fields
Taxonomy
Range
Lifecycle
Foraging
Host plants
Bombylius — Animal Diversity Web
Genus-level natural history: distribution, life cycle, and flower visitation including lungwort.
Backs 4 fields
Taxonomy
Range
Lifecycle
Foraging