An upright, multi-stemmed, suckering deciduous shrub in the olive family, grown for its intensely fragrant mid-to-late-spring (May) bloom of lilac-purple flowers in large conical panicles. Native to southeastern Europe and cultivated in North America since the early 1600s, it matures to 12-16 feet tall with blue-green, pointed-ovate to heart-shaped leaves. It needs cold winters and cool summers — and offers few ornamental features after bloom, with leggy form, no fall color, and summer powdery mildew.

A deciduous European hedgerow shrub or small tree grown above all for one of the most arresting autumn shows of any native woody plant — rosy-pink, four-lobed fruit capsules that split to reveal vivid orange-coated seeds, hanging against red-purple foliage. Native across Europe and into western Asia (POWO, Kew), it is a tough, undemanding plant for hedgerows and informal screens that genuinely earns its keep for wildlife: insect-pollinated flowers in spring, seeds taken by birds, and aphid colonies that feed ladybirds and hoverflies. The honest pitch, and it is load-bearing: every part of this plant is toxic if eaten and the colourful fruit is especially so, so it must be sited away from where children might be tempted; it is also a primary winter host of the black bean aphid, so keep it well clear of a vegetable plot. With those two caveats respected, it is a dependable, wildlife-rich native — chosen for honest autumn drama, not for being trouble-free.

A tough, broadleaf-evergreen Mediterranean shrub grown across the warm-climate United States for its long summer-to-fall season of showy pink, white, red, or salmon flowers and its near-indestructible tolerance of heat, drought, salt, and reflected pavement glare. It forms a clumping, erect, rounded multi-stemmed shrub that commonly stands 6-12 feet tall (and can be trained much taller) with narrow leathery deep-green leaves. The catch is severe: every part of the plant is highly toxic — ingestion of even small amounts can be fatal to people, pets, and livestock, and the smoke from burning prunings is hazardous — so it is a strictly look-but-never-touch ornamental.

The strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) is a handsome evergreen of the heath family that earns its keep through one striking trick: in autumn it carries white, urn-shaped flowers and round, warty, red strawberry-like fruit on the plant at the same time, against dark glossy leaves and peeling red-brown bark. Native to the Mediterranean region and, unusually, western Ireland (POWO, Kew), it is a tough, drought- and lime-tolerant shrub or small tree for mild gardens — but only moderately cold-hardy (roughly USDA zone 7 and warmer), so it is not a plant for hard-winter areas. RHS gives it the Award of Garden Merit and rates it hardy in most of the UK in mild areas (H4). The fruit is edible but bland and mealy fresh — its name unedo, 'I eat one', is a fair warning — and is mostly used cooked for jams and liqueurs.

A virtually stemless, broadleaf-evergreen native of central and eastern North America: a basal rosette of rigid, sword-shaped, spine-tipped leaves up to 30 inches long, fringed along the margins with the curly white threads that give the species its name. In early summer a flowering stalk shoots from the center to 5-8 feet, carrying nodding, bell-shaped, creamy-white flowers. Tough enough for poor sandy soil, heat, drought, and salt spray, it earns its keep as architectural structure in dry and seaside gardens.

A deciduous shrub grown almost entirely for its explosion of yellow four-lobed flowers that line the bare arching stems in early spring, before the leaves emerge. A garden hybrid of two Asian species (Forsythia suspensa × F. viridissima) — not native to North America. Missouri Botanical Garden describes it as a "one-season wonder" that fades into the background after bloom, so it earns its place as a late-winter color signal rather than a four-season anchor.